Family Court

Ngā Kōti ā-Whānau o Aotearoa

He Whakamōhiotanga ki te Ture mō te Tiaki Tamariki 2004

(Care of Children Act 2004)

He Kupu Whakataki

I whakamanahia te Ture mō te Tiaki Tamariki 2004 i te 1 o Hōngongoi 2005, he Ture whakakapi mō te Ture Tiakitanga 1968.

He mea hira tonu ngā whakarerekētanga a tēnei Ture ki ngā ture e pā ana ki:

• te mana tiaki tamariki
• ngā whakaritenga; e pā ana ki te tiaki tamariki, me
• te whakatau i ngā tautohenga mō ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te tiaki tamariki.

Mā tēnei Ture ka pā hāngai ake te ture ki ngā kawengā a ngā mātua ki ā rātou tamariki.

E whakaae ana hoki tēnei Ture kei te whakatipuria ngā tamariki o Aotearoa o ēenei rā, i roto i ētahi mōmō āhuatanga; maha noa o te whānau.

He whakarāpopototanga o ngā whakarerekētanga nā tēnei Ture

Ko tēnei Ture:

• kei te whakapūmau ake i ngā mana rangatira a ngā tamariki
• kei te whakatītina i te tiaki paheko a ngā mātua i ngā tamariki
• kei te whakaae ki ngā momo; āhuatanga maha o te whānau o nāianei mō te tiaki tamariki
• kei te whakarahi ake i te ngākau māhorahora i roto i ngā whakahaere o te Kōti ā-Whānau (Family Court), otirā
• kei te hoatu he whānuitanga o ngā ara e taea e te Kōti ina whakaritea he takahanga i ngā whakatau a te Kōti.

KO TE TURE MŌ TE TIAKI I NGĀ TAMARIKI KEI TE WHAKATAIRANGA

I TE ORANGA ME TE PAINGA O NGĀ TAMARIKI

Te whakapumau ake i ngā mana tangata a ngā tamariki

E mea ana te Ture mō te Tiaki Tamariki 2004 ko te oranga o te tamaiti te mea tuatahi rawa. E whakapūmau ana hoki kia uiuia te tamaiti i roto i aua whakatau e pā ana ki a ia, otira, kia whakaritea, ā, kia mahia aua whakatau e pā ana ki te tamaiti i roto i tētahi anga taima e hāngai ana ki tōna maramatanga; ki tēnei mea te taima.

E nekehia atu ana e te Ture te arotahi mai i ngā mana tangata a ngā mātua, ki ngā kawenga a ngā mātua ki ngā tamariki.

Ko ngā tamariki te mea tuatahi

E whakapumau ana te Ture ko te oranga o ngā tamariki, me ā rātou tino painga, te take tuatahi, te take nui rawa i ngā wā katoa, i tētahi tautohengā e pā ana ki a rātou.

Ka whakatakotoria e tēnei Ture ētahi mea me whakaaro e te Kōti ina whakatauria ana he aha ngā tino painga mō ngā tamariki:

• kia riro mā ngā mātua o te tamaiti, rātou ko ōna kaitiaki, te kawenga; nui mō tōna tiakitanga, mō ngā whakaritengā hoki e pā ana ki tōna atawhainga, ki tōna whanaketanga, ki tōna whakatipu
• kia roa tonu te haere o ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te atawhainga, ki te whanaketanga, ki te whakatipu hoki o te tamaiti
• kia mau tonu, kia whakakahatia ake anō ngā hononga i waenganui i te tamaiti me tōna whānau, hapu, iwi
• kia noho ai he ngākau paheko i waenganui i ngā mātua, ngā kaitiaki, me ētahi atu e whai wāhi ki te atawhainga o te tamaiti
• kia noho haumaru, kia whakangungua hoki te tamaiti i ngā momo whakarekereke katoa, otirā
• kia mau tonu, kia whakakahatia ake anō te tuakiri o te tamaiti, tae noa ki tōna āhuatanga ahurea, tōna reo, me tōna whakapono.

Te whakarongo ki ngā tamariki

Tērā e tino nui pea te pānga o ngā whakatau a te Kōti ā-Whānau i runga i te Ture, ki te oranga ia rā o ngā tamariki, ki ā rātou honongā wā roa hoki ki ō rātou mātua. E whakakaha ana te Ture hōu i te whakaritenga mō te tamaiti kei raro i ngā whakahaerenga a te Kōti, kia hoatu he wāhi tika ki a ia ki te whakapuaki i ōna whakaaro mō te mea e aha ai - hei tauira, i a wai ia noho ai. Me āta whakaaro e te Kaiwhakawā ngā whakaaro o te tamaiti ina hoatu tana whakatau.

Te rōia mō te tamaiti

I runga i te Ture hōu, mā te Kōti ā-Whānau tonu e whakarite tētahi rōia tū wehe, hei māngai mō te tamaiti, ki te heipū ka tae rawa ki te aroaro o te Kōti tētahi tautohenga e pā ana ki a ia.

Ko te mahi mā te rōia:

• ko te tū hei māngai mō te tamaiti i roto i ngā whakahaere a te Kōti, i roto anō hoki i ngā whakariterite i waenganui i ngā mātua
• ko te kite he aha ngā whakaaro o te tamaiti, ko te whāki hoki i ēnei whakaaro ki te Kaiwhakawā
• ko te tiaki kua whakatakotoria ki te aroaro o te Kōti hei tirotiro ma te Kōti ngā tino painga mō te tamaiti me ngā take katoa e pā ana ki tōna oranga, otirā
• ko te whakamārama ki te tamaiti te whakahaere a te Kōti, a, hei te mutunga, te whakamārama ki te tamaiti te whakatau a te Kaiwhakawā.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Lawyer for the Child" (he rōia mō te tamaiti).

Ka taea e ngā tamariki te pīra i ngā whakatau a te Kōti ā-Whānau e pā ana ki a rātou

Hoatu ai ki ngā tamariki e tēnei Ture he mana pīra i te nuinga o ngā whakatau i runga i te Ture ka pā ana ki a rātou - hei tauira, ngā whakatau matuatanga ("parenting orders").

Mā te rōia mō te tamaiti te mana pīra e whakamārama ki te tamaiti. Mā te rōia anō te tamaiti e āwhina ki te whakatakoto i tana pīra ki te pīrangi te tamaiti i tēnei.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki te inoi ki te Kōti kia tirohia anō ngā whakatau a ngā mātua, a ngā kaitiaki hoki

Ki te mea tētahi tamaiti, e 16 neke atu rānei ōna tau, kāore i te pai ki a ia tētahi whakatau hira mōna a ōna mātua, a ōna kaitiaki rānei, ka taea e ia te inoi mā te Kōti tēnei take e whakatau.

Mutu ai te kaitiakitanga i te tau 18

Ka mutu te kaitiakitanga o tētahi tamaiti i te tau 18 (i te tau 20 i mua). Ka mutu hoki te kaitiakitanga o tētahi tamaiti e 16, e 17 rānei ōna tau, ina mārena, ina whakauru ki tētahi “civil union” (hononga kiri tangata ōkawa, e rite ana ki te mārenatanga), ina tīmatatia rānei he hononga moe māori (me riro i a ia he whakaaetanga ā-tuhi mai i ōna mātua, kaitiaki rānei, ki te mahi i tētahi o ēnei mea).

Rite ana te pakeke tau 18 ki ō Aotearoa herenga ā-ao i runga i te Kawenata o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao mō te Mana o te Tamaiti.

Te whakatītina i te tiaki paheko a ngā mātua i ngā tamariki

Mai i "ngā mana tangata" ki "ngā kawenga"

E whakapūmau ana tēnei Ture hōu i ngā kawenga a ngā mātua ki ā rāua tamariki, waiho ngā mana tangata kei a rāua pea i te mea ko rāua ngā mātua.

E whakaatatia ana tēnei rerekētanga i roto i ngā kupu o te Ture hōu. Whakaratohia ai e te Ture kia whiwhi ngā mātua i te tiakitanga ia rā ia rā o ā rāua tamariki, mahue te mana pupuri. Tērā tonu e tuaritia pea e ngā mātua te tiakitanga; ia rā ia rā o a rāua tamariki, āta wāwāhi ana te taima mō te painga o ngā tamariki, kia pai hoki mō ngā āhuatanga o te whānau.

Ka whakatītinatia te matua kāore i a ia te tiakitanga ia rā ia rā o ngā tamariki, ki te whakapā atu ki a rātou. I huaina tēnei āhuatanga i mua ko te whai huarahi ("access").

Whakakapia ai e te Ture ngā whakatau mana pupuri me ngā whakatau whai huarahi ki ngā whakatau matuatanga ("parenting orders").

Ko te matuatanga - he tūranga haere tonu

Kei te whakapūmau hoki te Ture ko ngā kawenga a ngā mātua he mea haere tonu. Ina kua mawehe ngā mātua, kia tino whai wāhi tonu rāua tahi ki te whakatipu i ā rāua tamariki, ahakoa kāore pea tētahi o rāua i te noho i te taha o ngā tamariki.

Te whakatītina i ngā mātua ki te whakarite i ā rāua ake whakaritenga mō te tiaki i ā rāua tamariki

Kei te whakatītina te Ture kia paheko ngā mātua, kia whakaae hoki ki ngā whakaritenga tiaki i ā rāua tamariki. Ko te tikanga ia he nui kē te pai ki te katoa e whai wāhi ana – ina koa ngā tamariki – ki te kitea e ngā mātua ake he whakaritenga e taea ai. Me inoi ngā mātua ki te Kōti ki te whai wāhi mai, ki te kore tonu rāua e whakaae mō te tiakitanga o ā rāua tamariki, ā, tē taea hoki te whakarite i tēnei tautohe i waenganui i a rāua ake, ahakoa rānei te āwhina tohutohu kua whakaritea e te Kōti.

Ki te pīrangitia e ngā mātua kua oti i a rāua he whakaritenga mō te tiakitanga o ā rāua tamariki, ka taea e rāua te tuhituhi i tētahi whakaaetanga matuatanga ("parenting agreement"), e whakatakotoria ana ngā taipitopito o ngā mea kua whakaaetia e rāua. Ka āhei anō rāua te inoi ki te Kōti kia mahia tētahi whakatau a te Kōti ("Court order") i runga tonu i taua whakaaetanga.

Mō ētahi atu kōrero, tirohia te pānui whakamārama Ngā Whakatau Matuatanga.

Ki te kore ngā matua e whakaae, ka aha?

Ki te kore ngā mātua e whakaae he aha te mea pai rawa mō ā rāua tamariki, ka āhei rāua te inoi āwhina mai i te Kōti. Ko te tikangā ia ka tīmata te Kōti mā te whakarite tohutohu kore utu, e āwhinatia ai rāua ki te whakatau i ā rāua tautohetohe e tētahi kaitohutohu ngāio, he tangāta kua oti te whakaako.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Te Kōrero Tohutohu" (Counselling).

Ki te kore ngā mātua e whakaae ahakoa te kōrero tohutohu, ka aha?

Ki te kore te kōrero tohutohu e whai kiko, ka taea e tētahi matua, e rāua tahi rānei, te tono whakatau matuatanga i te Kōti. Ko te tikanga ia ka whakaritea e te Kōti tētahi rūnanga takawaenga ("mediation conference"). I tēnei hui, ka āwhinatia ngā mātua e tētahi Kaiwhakawā o te Kōti ā-Whānau, tētahi kaitakawaenga ngaio rānei i ētahi wā, kia tae ai ngā mātua ki tētahi whakaritenga.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Te Rūnanga; Takawaenga" (The Mediation Conference).

Ngā whakatau matuatanga - he parepare whakamutunga

Ki te kore e whai kiko te kōrero tohutohu, te rūnanga takawaenga; rānei, ko te rongonga ōkawa a te Kōti te parepare whakamutunga. I te mutunga o te rongonga ka taea e te Kōti te whakarite he whakatau matuatanga ("parenting order"). Tērā tonu pea e mea ai tēnei whakatau:

• mā wai te tiakitanga ia rā ia rā o ngā tamariki, āwhea hoki, otirā
• ki te whakaritea mā te matua kotahi anake te tiakitanga ia rā ia rā, hei āwhea, he pēhea hoki e taea ai e tērā o ngā mātua te whakapā atu ki ngā tamariki.

Whakatau pēhea ai te Kōti?

Ko te oranga me ngā tino painga o te tamaiti te mea tuatahi, te mea nui rawa hei whakaarohanga mā te Kōti ina whakaritea ana he whakatau matuatanga; rānei, ā, he aha rānei ngā tohutohu o roto.

Ka taea e te Kōti te inoi ki tētahi tautōhito kia takaina he pūrongo hei āwhina mōna i roto i tōna whakatau - hei tauira, he purongo nā tētahi kaimātai hinengaro, he pūrongo rānei mō te āhuatanga ahurea o te tamaiti. Ka taea anō e te Kōti te inoi kia takaina mai he pūrongo e te Tari Āwhina i te Tamaiti, te Rangatahi, tae atu ki te whānau.

Ka āhei anō tētahi matua te inoi ki te Kōti kia whakarongo ki tētahi atu e kōrero ana mō te āhuatanga ahurea o te tamaiti, mō te pānga; hoki o tēnei āhuatanga ki ngā whakatau kei te tonoa mai i te Kōti.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Parenting Orders" (ngā whakatau matuatanga).

Mea ana kia whai kiko ai ngā whakatau matuatanga

Ki te heipū kāore tētahi o ngā mātua i te whai i ngā tohutohu a te whakatau matuatanga, ko tā te Kōti tikanga e mea tuatahi ai, ko te tuku i ngā mātua ki te kōrero tohutohu, me kore e taea e rāua te whakarite i tā rāua raruraru.

Ki te kore e whai kiko, otirā hei parepare whakamutunga, ka āhei te Kōti te whakatakoto i ētahi whakatau hei whakarite i te raruraru. Hei tauira, tērā ia e whakaheke pea i te nui o te wā kei taua matua i te taha o ngā tamariki, tērā rānei e hiahia pea kia utua e taua matua he moni ki te Kōti hei here, arā, he moni ka ngaro i a ia ki te takahi tonu ia i te whakatau. Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Breaches of Parenting Orders" (te takahi i ngā whakatau matuatanga).

Te whakaae ki ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te tiaki tamariki

I ēnei rā, kei te whakatipuria ngā tamariki o Aotearoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga whānau maha noa. Hei tauira, kei te tiakina pea ngā tamariki e ō rātou mātua ake, e ētahi atu o tō rātou whānau, hapū rānei, e ētahi hoa wahine, hoa tāne rānei e noho tahi ana.

Te tūranga; o te whānau, hapū, iwi

E tino whakamārama ana te Ture he mea nui ki te tamariki kia mau tonu, kia whakakahatia ake anō a rātou honongā ki ō rātou whanaunga whānui, arā, te whānau, te hapū me te iwi.

E whakatītina ana hoki te Ture i ngā mema o te whānau, hapū rānei ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whakatipu o ngā tamariki.

Ki te whakaae te Kōti ā-Whānau, e āhei ana ngā mema o te whānau, hapū rānei, te tono ki te Kōti mō tētahi whakatau matuatanga.

Ka taea e ngā mātua te whakatū hei kaitiaki tētahi tahu hōu

Mehemea he tahu hōu to tētahi matua kua āwhina ki te tiaki i ngā tamariki mō tētahi tau i te itinga rawa, tērā tonu taua matua e taea pea te whakatū tōna tahu hōu hei kaitiaki ā-ture mō āna tamariki. Ko te tikanga ia me riro i a ia te whakaaetanga o tērā o ngā mātua.

Tuatahi, me āta titiro e tētahi Kairēhita o te Kōti ā-Whānau kei te tika katoa te puka whakatū. Kia māha ia kua whakapuakina ngā pārongo tika, kua whakaotia tika katoatia ngā mahi tuhituhi, otirā kāore e pā ana ngā tikanga whakatiki i tētahi whakatūnga ki tēnei tono.

Kotahi anake te tahu hōu e taea te whakatū pēnei. Heoi anō, e taea anō te inoi ki te Kōti ā-Whānau māna e whakatū tētahi tangāta hei kaitiaki.

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Parents Appointing New Partners as Guardians" (ngā mātua me te whakatū i te tahu hōu hei kaitiaki).

Te ngākau māhorahora i roto i te Kōti ā-Whānau

Kupu Whakataki

E tuku ana te Ture kia rahi ake te mōhio a te iwi whānui ki ngā whakahaerenga; i roto i te Kōti ā-Whānau. Otirā, kei te āta tiakina kia noho tonu te Kōti hei wahi haumaru mō ngā mātua me ngā kaitiaki ki te matapaki i ngā āhuatanga whaiaro uaua i rungā i te ngākau māhorahora, i te ngākau ngāwari.

Te mau mai i ngā hoa tautoko ki te Kōti

Mehemea i haere ngā mātua ki te hui kōrero tohutohu, ki te rūnanga; takawaenga; rānei, ā, i mauria tētahi atu hei hoa tautoko - hei tauira, he tahu hōu, he hoa, he mema o te whānau rānei - e tukuna ana taua tangata e te Ture kia tae atu ki te rongonga a te Kōti. Mō ēetahi atu pārongo, tirohia te pānui whakamārama "Appearing in the Family Court" (te puta atu ki te Kōti ā-Whānau).

E āhei hoki te Kaiwhakawā te tuku i ētahi atu tāngata ki te puta atu ki te rongonga a te Kōti, hei hoa tautoko mō ngā mātua.

E taea e ngā kaituhi pūrongo te puta atu ki ngā rongonga a te Kōti

Tukuna ai e te Ture he mana ki ngā kaituhi pūrongo ki te puta atu ki ngā rongonga a te Kōti ka whakahaeretia i runga i te Ture.

Heoi anō, kei te mau tonu he kotinga pākaha ki runga i tā rātou e āhei ana ki te rīpoata. Kāore e taea e rātou te tuhi tētahi ingoa, tētahi pārongo rānei e taea ai te whakaatu ko wai ngā tamariki, ngā mātua, a wai ake rānei e whai wāhi ana ki tēnei rongonga - hei tauira, ngā hoa tautoko, ngā kaiwhakaatu rānei.

KA TAEA E TE TIATI TE PANA TĀNGATA I TE KŌTI

Tētahi mea hoki, kei te Kaiwhakawā te mana ki te pana atu i te Kōti ngā tāngata katoa, hāunga ngā taha whai wāhi me ō rātou rōia, ahakoa te wā i waenga;nui te rongonga.

TE TĀNGA O NGĀ WHAKATAU A TE KŌTI

Ka tāngia ētahi whakatau a te Kōti ā-Whānau i te pae tukutuku a te Kōti (www.justice.govt.nz/courts/family-court), heoi ka tangohia ngā ingoa me kore e mōhiotia ko wai mā ēnei. Ko te whakawā ko te whakatau ā-tuhi tēnā a te Tiati i tētahi take – kei roto hoki ko ngā whakaaro o te Tiati, ā, i ētahi wā anō he matapaki o te ture e pā ana ki tēnei take.

Kei te pīrangi pārongo tonu, tohutohu rānei?

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tohutohu rānei mō te Ture mō te Tiaki Tamariki 2004, tirohia te pae tukutuku a te Kōti ā-Whānau (www.justice.govt.nz/courts/family-court), whakapā atu rānei ki tētahi rōia whānau (www.familylaw.org.nz), tētahi pokapū ā-ture i te hapori, te tari pātata rānei o te Kōti ā-Whānau.

Kaiwhakamāori

E taea ana e te Kōti ā-Whānau te whakarite kia tae atu tētahi kaiwhakamāori ki ngā wā kōrero tohutohu, ngā rūnanga; takawaenga, ngā rongonga hoki a te Kōti. Hei whiwhi i ētahi atu pārongo mō tēnei, me kōrero ki tētahi Kairuruku a te Kōti ā-Whānau (Family Court Coordinator), ki tētahi atu kaimahi rānei i te tari ā-rohe o te Kōti ā-Whānau.

Te āwhina ā-ture (legal aid)

Ko ngā tangāta e hiahia ana i tētahi rōia engāri kāore he moni hei utu, tērā e taea pea te pūtea āwhina hei utu i ngā utu rōiā. He āhuatanga; tēnei e utua e te Kāwanatanga; tētahi wāhanga noa, te katoa rānei o tō nama rōiā (i ētahi wā ka hiahiatia kia whakahokia e koe he wāhanga; o taua moni, te katoa rānei).

Ka taea e koe te whiwhi pārongo mō te āwhina ā-ture mā:

• te whakapā atu ki te tari ā-rohe o te Legal Services Agency (tirohia ngā whārangi kikorangi a ngā whakahaere a te Kāwanatanga kei mua o te pukapuka nama waea)
• te toro atu rānei ki te pae tukutuku a te Legal Services Agency i www.lsa.govt.nz
• te haere rānei ki tō rōia me te matapaki i te āwhina ā-ture.

Kei te wātea te āwhina ā-ture mō ngā take katoa o te Kōti ā-Whānau, hāunga; te whakakorenga i te mārena (te wehenga tūturu).

Mō ētahi atu pārongo, tohutohu rānei mō te Ture mō te Tiaki Tamariki 2004, tirohia te pae tukutuku a te Kōti ā-Whānau (www.justice.govt.nz/courts/family-court), whakapā atu rānei ki tētahi rōia whānau (www.familylaw.org.nz), tētahi pokapū ā-ture i te hapori, te tari pātata rānei o te Kōti ā-Whānau.

Ko te Painga o āu Tamariki te Mea Matua